The North American biopesticides market is estimated to have been worth $497.3 million at user-level in 2010; an increase of approximately 27.5% from 2008. The US is the biggest user of microbials in the region with a market estimated to be worth $372.4 m (74.8% of the total), followed by Canada and, then, Mexico. The North American biopesticide sector in 2010 represented approximately 3.7% of the total pesticide market (3.6% in Canada, 6% in Mexico and 3.5% in the US).
Our review of the market indicated substantial growth in the sales of biopesticides in response to:
new product introductions,
improved scientific credibility,
greater user confidence, and
increased pressure from the authorities for a move to greater sustainability in agriculture.
This has produced an evident paradigm shift towards biopesticides that began around our assessment date of 2010. All the indicators suggest that we will see growth in biopesticide sales accelerate into and through 2013 and on to 2020. This seed change has been confirmed by a substantial move by the agrochemical majors into the biopesticide business during 2012, notably through acquisition of some of the key players, such as Becker Underwood (by BASF) and AgraQuest (by Bayer CropScience).
Growth to 2010 was seen particularly in biochemical biopesticides and invertebrate biocontrol agents, both of which may have exceeded 13% per annum. Growth in some microbial biopesticides was similar. However, sales of the mainstay of that sector, the caterpillar active Bacillus thuringiensis products, were mostly flat and there was a notable decline in use in forestry.
Using data obtained from historical web-based sources, and our own data for 2008 (our first estimate of total biopesticide sales), it is possible to see substantial growth in the North American biopesticide market that started in 2003.
If this trend persists, the biopesticide market in North America will reach $900 million by 2020. All the anecdotal evidence suggests, however, that the $900 million figure will be passed earlier.
Microbial Biopesticides
The North American microbial biopesticides market is estimated to have been worth $139.8 million at user-level in 2010; an increase of 10.3% since 2007. Although growth has been seen in some sectors, notably products based on Bacillus subtilis, sales of Bacillus thuringiensis for caterpillar control have either stagnated or, indeed, declined (notably in the forestry sector). The proportion of the microbials market taken by Bt-based products (including Bt H14 for mosquitoes) has decreased from an estimated 90% in the late 1990s to 51.2% in 2010.
The US is the biggest user of microbials in the region with a market estimated to be worth $110 million (79% of the total), followed by Mexico and, then, Canada, where insect pests are far less prevalent.
The fastest growing sectors in the US have been the fungicidal products based on Bacillus subtilis and fungal-based materials. Prospects for growth in sales in the US overall remain good although there is no evidence for the meteoric rise predicted earlier in the decade. The market in Mexico for Bacillus subtilis has increased and there is a steadily growing sector in locally-produced, fungal-based products. Sales are large and product is cheap. Canada is not a large user of either insecticides or fungicides but the prospects for growth are good in response to government encouragement and pesticide bans.
Although overall growth in the microbial biopesticide market in North America has not lived up to the expectations of the 1990s, the potential remains high and opportunities exist which have the potential to raise the total market to $250 million by 2020.
This volume of 296 pages includes 94 tables, 108 figures and information on hundreds of companies.
TABLES
TABLE 1 NORTH AMERICAN BIOPESTICIDE MARKET BY PRODUCT TYPE............................................ 1
TABLE 2 NORTH AMERICAN MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDE MARKET BY PRODUCT TYPE........................... 4
TABLE 3 SALES OF BIOPESTICIDES IN THE US IN 2010................................................................... 9
TABLE 4 SALES OF MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDES IN THE US, 2010.................................................... 10
TABLE 5 ESTIMATED SALES OF BIOPESTICIDES IN THE US 2010.................................................... 13
TABLE 6 MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDES COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE IN THE US................................. 25
TABLE 7 ORGANISMS APPROVED FOR USE BUT NOT CURRENTLY UNAVAILABLE............................... 28
TABLE 8 MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDES SOLD AS FERTILIZERS/GROWTH PROMOTERS IN THE US............. 29
TABLE 9 COMPANIES SELLING MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDES IN THE US............................................ 32
TABLE 10 BT* USE FROMUSDA AGRICULTURALCHEMICALUSAGESURVEYS................................... 48
TABLE 11 LARGEST US BT MARKETS IN USDA SURVEYS BY PENETRATION....................................... 51
TABLE 12 BTCATERPILLARPRODUCTSREGISTERED FORUSE INCALIFORNIA.................................... 52
TABLE 13 QUANTITIES OF BT AIZAWAIAND BT KURSTAKI APPLIED IN CALIFORNIA 1993-2010............... 54
TABLE 14 AREA TREATED WITH BT AIZAWAIAND BT KURSTAKIIN CALIFORNIA 1993-2010................... 55
TABLE 15 BTA/KPRODUCTUSE INCALIFORNIA BYCROP2004-2010................................................ 58
TABLE 16 UC PEST MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES FOR CATERPILLARS IN COLE CROPS.......................... 60
TABLE 17 UC PEST MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES FOR CATERPILLARS IN GRAPES................................. 62
TABLE 18 UC PEST MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES FOR CATERPILLARS IN TOMATOES............................ 68
TABLE 19 END-USER PRICES OF B THURINGIENSIS PRODUCTS IN THE US............................................ 70
TABLE 20 MOSQUITO LARVICIDES USED IN CALIFORNIA................................................................ 79
TABLE 21 MOSQUITOCIDAL BACTERIA APPROVED FOR USE IN CALIFORNIA...................................... 85
TABLE 22 USE OF BT H14 AND B SPHAERICUSIN ALAMEDA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA............................. 87
TABLE 23 ESTIMATED SALES OF BT BIOPESTICIDES IN THE US........................................................ 93
TABLE 24 BACILLUS SUBTILISUSE INUS AGRICULTURE2005/7AND2009/11.................................... 98
TABLE 25 END-USER PRICES OF B SUBTILISAND B PUMILUS PRODUCTS IN THE US............................. 100
TABLE 26 END-USER PRICES OF VIRAL PRODUCTS IN THE US......................................................... 114
TABLE 27 RECOMMENDED CROP/PEST USES* OF B BASSIANAIN NORTH CAROLINA........................... 117
TABLE 28 SALES OF CONTANS WG™ IN THE UNITED STATES........................................................ 127
TABLE 29 END-USER PRICES OF FUNGAL BIOPESTICIDES IN THE US................................................ 129
TABLE 30 SALES OF FUNGAL-BASED BIOPESTICIDES IN THE UNITED STATES, 2010........................... 130
TABLE 31 BENEFICIAL NEMATODES COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE IN THE US................................... 131
TABLE 32 COMPANIES SELLING NEMATODES IN THE US............................................................... 133
TABLE 33 BIONEM™ C PRODUCT USES...................................................................................... 136
TABLE 34 END-USER PRICES OF BENEFICIAL NEMATODES IN THE US.............................................. 137
TABLE 35 IBCAS COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE IN THE USA.......................................................... 139
TABLE 36 OTHER BENEFICIAL INVERTEBRATES SOLD IN THE USA................................................. 141
TABLE 37 IBCA COMPANIES IN THE USA................................................................................... 142
TABLE 38 KEY NORTH AMERICAN COMMERCIAL PARASITES AND PREDATORS................................. 144
TABLE 39 PHEROMONE PRODUCTS REGISTERED BY THE EPA AS BIOPESTICIDES............................... 146
TABLE 40 INSECT PHEROMONE LURES SOLD BY SCENTRY BIOLOGICALS......................................... 150
TABLE 41 COMPANIES SELLING INSECT PHEROMONES IN THE US................................................... 151
TABLE 42 USE OF PHEROMONE-BASED BIOPESTICIDES IN CALIFORNIA........................................... 157
TABLE 43 ACTIVE INGREDIENTS EXEMPTED FROM REGISTRATION UNDER FIFRA............................. 161
TABLE 44 BOTANICAL AND OTHER NATURAL BIOPESTICIDES AVAILABLE IN THE US........................ 162
TABLE 45 COMPANIES SELLING BOTANICAL AND OTHER NATURAL BIOPESTICIDES IN THE US........... 166
TABLE 46 PGR BIOPESTICIDES COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE IN THE US.......................................... 183
TABLE 47 COMPANIES SELLING PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS IN THE US....................................... 184
TABLE 48 PGR COMMERCIAL PRICES (FROM HUMMERT INTERNATIONAL)....................................... 186
TABLE 49 ESTIMATED SALES OF BIOPESTICIDES IN CANADA IN 2010............................................. 192
TABLE 50 SALES RANKING OF MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDES IN CANADA, 2008................................... 194
TABLE 51 ESTIMATED SALES OF MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDES IN CANADA........................................ 196
TABLE 52 SALES RANKING OF PHEROMONES IN CANADA, 2008..................................................... 197
TABLE 53 SALES OF BIOCHEMICAL BIOPESTICIDES IN CANADA, 2008............................................. 198
TABLE 54 BIOPESTICIDE RELATED RESEARCH PRIORITIES FOR CANADIAN ORGANICS....................... 204
TABLE 55 MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDES APPROVED FOR USE IN CANADA........................................... 205
TABLE 56 COMPANIES SELLING MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDES IN CANADA......................................... 208
TABLE 57 BENEFICIAL NEMATODES COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE IN CANADA................................. 211
TABLE 58 COMPANIES SELLING NEMATODES IN CANADA............................................................. 212
TABLE 59 IBCAS COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE IN CANADA.......................................................... 213
TABLE 60 OTHER BENEFICIAL INVERTEBRATES SOLD IN CANADA.................................................. 214
TABLE 61 IBCA COMPANIES IN CANADA................................................................................... 214
TABLE 62 PHEROMONE PRODUCTS REGISTERED BY HEALTH CANADA............................................ 216
TABLE 63 INSECT PHEROMONES SOLD BY DISTRIBUTIONS SOLD AS LURES IN CANADA...................... 217
TABLE 64 COMPANIES SELLING INSECT PHEROMONES IN CANADA................................................. 218
TABLE 65 BIOCHEMICAL BIOPESTICIDES AVAILABLE IN CANADA.................................................. 219
TABLE 66 PGR BIOPESTICIDES COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE IN CANADA........................................ 221
TABLE 67 COMPANIES SELLING BIOCHEMICAL BIOPESTICIDES IN CANADA..................................... 222
TABLE 68 APPLICATION OF BTTO CANADIAN FORESTRY 1988-2011............................................... 233
TABLE 69 QUANTITY OF BT APPLIED TO CANADIAN FORESTS (BIU)............................................... 235
TABLE 70 SALES OF MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDES IN ALBERTA........................................................ 238
TABLE 71 SALES OF NON-MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDES IN ALBERTA................................................. 239
TABLE 72 USE OF BTIN AGRICULTURE IN BRITISH COLUMBIA (KG)................................................ 240
TABLE 73 BTUSE ONCROPS INBRITISHCOLUMBIA..................................................................... 240
TABLE 74 BIOPESTICIDES USED ON ORNAMENTAL CROPS IN CANADA............................................ 244
TABLE 75 IBCAS FOR ORNAMENTALS IN CANADA....................................................................... 244
TABLE 76 PESTICIDES PERMITTED FOR DOMESTIC USE IN NOVA SCOTIA......................................... 246
TABLE 77 MAJOR CANADIAN MOSQUITO CONTROL SERVICE COMPANIES....................................... 249
TABLE 78 USE OF BT H14 PRODUCTS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA (KG).................................................. 250
TABLE 79 SALES OF BIOPESTICIDES IN MEXICO IN 2010............................................................... 252
TABLE 80 SALES OF MICROBIAL & NEMATODE-BASED BIOPESTICIDES IN MEXICO............................ 253
TABLE 81 USES OF BEAUVERIAAND METARHIZIUMBASED PRODUCTS IN MEXICO.............................. 257
TABLE 82 ESTIMATED SALES OF MICROBIAL & NEMATODE-BASED BIOPESTICIDES IN MEXICO........... 261
TABLE 83 MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDES AVAILABLE IN MEXICO....................................................... 266
TABLE 84 COMPANIES SELLING MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDES IN MEXICO.......................................... 269
TABLE 85 COMPANIES & LABORATORIES PRODUCING GENERIC MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDES IN MEXICO275
TABLE 86 NEMATODES COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE IN MEXICO................................................... 278
TABLE 87 COMPANIES SELLING NEMATODES IN MEXICO.............................................................. 278
TABLE 88 IBCAS AVAILABLE IN MEXICO................................................................................... 279
TABLE 89 COMPANIES & LABORATORIES PRODUCING BENEFICIAL INSECTS IN MEXICO..................... 281
TABLE 90 MAIN MARKETS FOR TRICHOGRAMMAWASPS IN MEXICO................................................ 286
TABLE 91 INSECT PHEROMONE PRODUCTS REGISTERED IN MEXICO............................................... 287
TABLE 92 BIOCHEMICAL BIOPESTICIDES AVAILABLE IN MEXICO................................................... 289
TABLE 93 PGR BIOPESTICIDES COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE IN MEXICO......................................... 291
TABLE 94 COMPANIES SELLING BIOCHEMICAL BIOPESTICIDES IN MEXICO...................................... 292
FIGURES
FIGURE 1 NORTH AMERICAN BIOPESTICIDE MARKET IN 2010 BY TYPE............................................. 1
FIGURE 2 NORTH AMERICAN BIOPESTICIDE MARKET IN 2010 BY COUNTRY...................................... 2
FIGURE 3 NORTH AMERICAN BIOPESTICIDE MARKET 2000-2010..................................................... 3
FIGURE 4 NORTH AMERICAN MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDE MARKET IN 2010 BY COUNTRY...................... 4
FIGURE 5 NORTH AMERICAN MICROBIAL BIOPESTICIDE MARKET IN 2010 BY TYPE............................ 5
FIGURE 6 SALES OF BIOPESTICIDES IN THE US.............................................................................. 9
FIGURE 7 ESTIMATED US SALES OF MICROBIAL & NEMATODE-BASED BIOPESTICIDES IN 2010........... 11
FIGURE 8 MAJOR CROPS GROWN IN THE US (BY AREA) (2010)........................................................ 14
FIGURE 9 PESTICIDES USED ON CROPS IN THE US (2011)............................................................... 15
FIGURE 10 US PESTICIDE SALES BY VALUE BY CROP..................................................................... 16
FIGURE 11 US INSECTICIDE SALES BY VALUE BY CROP.................................................................. 17
FIGURE 12 US FUNGICIDE SALES BY VALUE BY CROP.................................................................... 17
FIGURE 13 PESTICIDE SALES ($ BILLION) IN THE US (1998-2011)..................................................... 18
FIGURE 14 AREA (ACRES) OF ORGANIC CROPS IN THE US (1992-2008).............................................. 20
FIGURE 15 PERCENTAGE OF VEGETABLE ACRES UTILIZING BIOLOGICAL PESTICIDES BY STATE........... 23
FIGURE 16 MAJOR FRUIT (INCL TREE FRUIT) & VEGETABLE CROPS IN THE US (2010).......................... 46
FIGURE 17 WEIGHT OF CATERPILLAR BTA.I. APPLIED IN US CROPS 2003-2011.................................. 49
FIGURE 18 USE OF CATERPILLAR BTPRODUCTS IN THE US 2003/04................................................. 50
FIGURE 19 USE OF CATERPILLAR BTPRODUCTS IN THE US 2010/11................................................. 50
FIGURE 20 WEIGHT OF CATERPILLAR BTA.I. APPLIED IN CALIFORNIA 1993-2007.............................. 54
FIGURE 21 USE TRENDS OF CATERPILLAR BTPRODUCTS IN CALIFORNIA 1993-2010 BY AREA TREATED. 56
FIGURE 22 BTMARKET ONDIFFERENTCROPS INCALIFORNIA IN2007............................................. 57
FIGURE 23 BTMARKET ONDIFFERENTCROPS INCALIFORNIA IN2010............................................. 57
FIGURE 24 USE OF BTON GRAPES IN CALIFORNIA 2002-2010.......................................................... 63
FIGURE 25 USE OF BTON BELL PEPPERS IN THE US IN TOTAL AND FLORIDA ALONE 1998-2010........... 65
FIGURE 26 USE OF BTON STRAWBERRIES IN THE US 1996-2010...................................................... 67
FIGURE 27 USE OF BTON TOMATOES IN THE US 1996-2010............................................................ 69
FIGURE 28 USE OF BTON TOMATOES IN CALIFORNIA 2002-2010..................................................... 69
FIGURE 29 MARKET SHARE OF CATERPILLAR BTPRODUCTS IN CALIFORNIA 2010.............................. 71
FIGURE 30 DIPEL™ MARKET ON DIFFERENT CROPS IN CALIFORNIA 2010......................................... 72
FIGURE 31 JAVELIN™/DELIVER™ MARKET ON DIFFERENT CROPS IN CALIFORNIA IN 2010................. 72
FIGURE 32 XENTARI™ MARKET ON DIFFERENT CROPS IN CALIFORNIA IN 2010................................. 73
FIGURE 33 AGREE™ MARKET ON DIFFERENT CROPS IN CALIFORNIA IN 2010.................................... 73
FIGURE 34 THURICIDE™/COSTAR™ MARKET ON DIFFERENT CROPS IN CALIFORNIA IN 2010.............. 74
FIGURE 35 AREA OF FOREST SPRAYED IN THE STS PROGRAMME 2003-2011...................................... 77
FIGURE 36 WNV FATALITIES IN THE US SINCE THE FIRST CASE IN 1999........................................... 81
FIGURE 37 USE TRENDS FOR MOSQUITO LARVICIDES IN FLORIDA 2002-10........................................ 82
FIGURE 38 MOSQUITO LARVICIDE PRODUCTS USED IN FLORIDA 2009-10 BY AREA TREATED............... 83
FIGURE 39 USE TRENDS FOR MOSQUITO BIOPESTICIDES IN FLORIDA 2001-10.................................... 84
FIGURE 40 MOSQUITO LARVICIDE PRODUCTS USED IN CALIFORNIA 2008 BY ACRES TREATED............. 86
FIGURE 41 USE TRENDS OF BACTERIAL MOSQUITO LARVICIDES IN CALIFORNIA 2001-2010................ 86
FIGURE 42 USE TRENDS OF MOSQUITO BIOPESTICIDES IN NEW JERSEY, 1998-2010............................ 88
FIGURE 43 MOSQUITO LARVICIDE PRODUCTS USED IN NORTH SHORE MAD 2011 BY WEIGHT.............. 89
FIGURE 44 MOSQUITO LARVICIDE PRODUCTS USED IN NORTH CAROLINA 2007 BY AREA TREATED...... 89
FIGURE 45 USE TRENDS OF VECTOBAC APPLIED AGAINST BLACKFLIES IN WEST VIRGINIA, 2001-2011.. 91
FIGURE 46 USE TRENDS FOR BACILLUS SUBTILISIN CALIFORNIA 1999-2010...................................... 96
FIGURE 47 SERENADE™ MARKET ON DIFFERENT CROPS IN CALIFORNIA IN 2010............................... 97
FIGURE 48 USE OF BACILLUS SUBTILISIN THE US BY CROP (2009/11)................................................ 99
FIGURE 49 SONATA™/BALLAD™ MARKET ON DIFFERENT CROPS IN CALIFORNIA 2010.................... 101
FIGURE 50 USE TRENDS FOR BACILLUS PUMILUSIN CALIFORNIA 2004-2010.................................... 102
FIGURE 51 USE TRENDS FOR BACILLUS CEREUSON US COTTON 2001-2010...................................... 103
FIGURE 52 USE TRENDS FOR PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENSIN CALIFORNIA 2001-2010...................... 105
FIGURE 53 USE TRENDS FOR AGROBACTERIUM RADIOBACTERIN CALIFORNIA 2001-2010.................... 106
FIGURE 54 USE TRENDS FOR STREPTOMYCES LYDICUSIN CALIFORNIA 2005-2010.............................. 107
FIGURE 55 ACTINOVATE™/ACTINOGROW™ MARKET ON DIFFERENT CROPS IN CALIFORNIA 2010...... 108
FIGURE 56 USE TRENDS FOR CYDIA POMONELLA NPV IN CALIFORNIA 2005-2010.............................. 111
FIGURE 57 USE TRENDS FOR CYDIA POMONELLA NPV ON APPLES, PEARS AND WALNUTS
IN CALIFORNIA 2005-2010............................................................................. 112
FIGURE 58 USE TRENDS FOR CYDIA POMONELLA NPV, CHLORANTRANILIPROLE AND SPINETORAM
IN WASHINGTON STATE APPLES 2003-2010......................................................... 113
FIGURE 59 USE OF BEAUVERIA BASSIANAIN CALIFORNIA BY CROP (2010)........................................ 118
FIGURE 60 USE TRENDS FOR BEAUVERIA BASSIANAIN CALIFORNIA 2000-2010................................. 118
FIGURE 61 USE OF MYROTHECIUM VERRUCARIAIN CALIFORNIA BY CROP (2010)............................... 121
FIGURE 62 USE TRENDS FOR MYROTHECIUM VERRUCARIAIN CALIFORNIA 2000-2010........................ 121
FIGURE 63 USES OF PAECILOMYCES LILACINUSIN CALIFORNIA BY CROP 2010................................... 123
FIGURE 64 USE TRENDS FOR TRICHODERMA-BASED PRODUCTS IN CALIFORNIA 2000-2010................. 124
FIGURE 65 USE OF ROOTSHIELD™/PLANTSHIELD™IN CALIFORNIA BY CROP (2010)......................... 124
FIGURE 66 USE OF SOILGARD™IN CALIFORNIA BY CROP 2010...................................................... 125
FIGURE 67 USE OF CONIOTHYRIUM MINITANSIN CALIFORNIA BY CROP IN 2010................................. 126
FIGURE 68 USE TRENDS FOR CONIOTHYRIUM MINITANSIN CALIFORNIA 2001-2010............................ 127
FIGURE 69 TRENDS FOR THE USE OF GYPSY MOTH PHEROMONES BY STS 2003-2011........................ 155
FIGURE 70 TRENDS FOR THE USE OF OFM PHEROMONES 2001-2011............................................... 156
FIGURE 71 TRENDS FOR THE USE OF CODLING MOTH PHEROMONES 1999-2011............................... 157
FIGURE 72 USE OF PHEROMONES IN CALIFORNIA BY PEST (2010)................................................... 158
FIGURE 73 TRENDS FOR THE USE OF INSECT PHEROMONES IN CALIFORNIA 2001-2010...................... 159
FIGURE 74 TRENDS FOR THE USE OF CODLING MOTH AND OFM PHEROMONES IN CALIFORNIA 2001-2010 159
FIGURE 75 KEY MARKETS FOR OFM PHEROMONES IN CALIFORNIA 2010........................................ 160
FIGURE 76 BIOCHEMICAL BIOPESTICIDES IN CALIFORNIA (2010)................................................... 171
FIGURE 77 USE TRENDS FOR TOP 11 BIOCHEMICAL BIOPESTICIDES IN CALIFORNIA 2001-2010........... 172
FIGURE 78 USE TRENDS FOR THE TOP 10 BOTANICALS IN CALIFORNIA 2001-2010............................ 172
FIGURE 79 KEY MARKETS FOR REYNOUTRIA SACHALINENSISIN CALIFORNIA 2010............................. 173
FIGURE 80 USE TRENDS FOR PELARGONIC ACID IN NEW JERSEY 1995-2010..................................... 174
FIGURE 81 USE TRENDS FOR NONANOIC ACID IN CALIFORNIA 2003-2010........................................ 175
FIGURE 82 KEY MARKETS FOR POTASSIUM BICARBONATE IN CALIFORNIA 2010.............................. 176
FIGURE 83 USE TRENDS FOR POTASSIUM PHOSPHITE IN CALIFORNIA 2001-2010.............................. 177
FIGURE 84 USE TRENDS FOR HYDROGEN PEROXIDE PRODUCTS IN CALIFORNIA 2001-2010................ 178
FIGURE 85 USE TRENDS FOR HYDROGEN PEROXIDE PRODUCTS IN NEW JERSEY 1997-2011................ 178
FIGURE 86 KEY MARKETS FOR HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN CALIFORNIA 2010.................................... 179
FIGURE 87 USE TRENDS FOR AZADIRACHTIN + NEEM OIL IN CALIFORNIA 2001-2010........................ 180
FIGURE 88 KEY MARKETS FOR AZADIRACHTIN AND NEEM OIL IN CALIFORNIA 2010........................ 180
FIGURE 89 USE TRENDS FOR GIBBERELLINS IN CALIFORNIA 2001-2010.......................................... 186
FIGURE 90 KEY MARKETS FOR GIBBERELLINS IN CALIFORNIA 2010............................................... 187
FIGURE 91 SALES OF BIOPESTICIDES IN CANADA......................................................................... 192
FIGURE 92 SALES OF MICROBIAL & NEMATODE-BASED BIOPESTICIDES IN CANADA.......................... 193
FIGURE 93 MAJOR CROPS GROWN IN CANADA BY AREA (2010)...................................................... 199
FIGURE 94 VALUE OF PESTICIDES IN CANADA, 2010.................................................................... 201
FIGURE 95 PESTICIDE SALES BY PROVINCE................................................................................. 202
FIGURE 96 CANADIAN FOREST WITH SPRUCE BUDWORM DAMAGE (MILLION HA) 1975-2010.............. 229
FIGURE 97 AREA OF CANADIAN FORESTRY TREATED FOR JACK PINE BUDWORM 1992-2010............... 230
FIGURE 98 AREA OF CANADIAN FORESTRY TREATED WITH BT 1992-2010....................................... 234
FIGURE 99 BIU OF BT APPLIED TO CANDIAN FORESTRY 1992-2010................................................ 236
FIGURE 100 SALES OF BIOPESTICIDES IN QUEBEC 1992-2009.......................................................... 241
FIGURE 101 SALES OF BIOHERBICIDES/BIO-PGRS 1992-2009.......................................................... 242
FIGURE 102 SALES OF BIOINSECTICIDES/BIOFUNGICIDES IN QUÉBEC 1992-2009................................ 242
FIGURE 103 INCIDENCE OF WEST NILE VIRUS IN CANADA.............................................................. 248
FIGURE 104 ESTIMATED SALES OF BIOPESTICIDES IN MEXICO........................................................ 252
FIGURE 105 INCIDENCES OF DENGUE FEVER CASES IN MEXICO 2000-2009....................................... 256
FIGURE 106 MAJOR CROPS GROWN IN MEXICO (BY AREA) 2011...................................................... 262
FIGURE 107 PESTICIDES USED ON CROPS IN MEXICO (2008)........................................................... 263
FIGURE 108 AREA OF ORGANIC CROPPING IN MEXICO 1996-2012.................................................... 264